By 1979, with nearly 80,000 Muslims living in Toronto, Ramadan had started to become an event that received attention from beyond just the Muslim community.
By 1979, with nearly 80,000 Muslims living in Toronto, Ramadan had started to become an event that received attention from beyond just the Muslim community.
In the Saturday, October 29, 1927 edition of the Toronto Daily Star, a list of trivia questions was put to readers to test their general knowledge. They ranged from âWhy is yeast put in bread?â to âWhich is larger, Saskatchewan or Germany?â One of the questions referred to something not too many Torontonians would have been familiar with at the time: âWhat is Ramadan?â
The answer was given in fine print elsewhere on the same page: âNinth month of the Mohammedan yearâ. [1] To Regip AssimâTorontoâs first known Muslim and, as far as we can tell, the only Muslim living in the city at the timeâthis answer may have come off as missing the point on the significance of Ramadan. The sacred month had started in mid-March in 1927, and the Star had briefly reported on its ending with âÄȘd al-Fitrâin the UK. [2]
It would take another three decades for a Toronto newspaper to find itself able to cover observance of Ramadan and âÄȘd al-Fitr in the city. On May 3, 1957, The Globe and Mail published an article titled âMoslems in Toronto bow to Meccaâ. It appears to have been a report on the last night of Ramadan (or possibly the night before âÄȘd, i.e. the first night of Shawwal). About 30 Muslims had gathered in the Kingsway Club, a dance hall, to pray in what was âprobably the first congregational Moslem service held in the cityâ. [3]
The prayer was led by Mohammed Khalil, an engineering student from Lahore, Pakistan, who was wearing âeastern dressâ and a fur hat. The reporter made note of many details about the âserviceâ: the prayer area was lit with candles burning inside soft drink bottles; that those praying removed their shoes and many wore handkerchiefs over their heads; that only the men prayed, though women and children were in attendance; and that they enjoyed curried meat, Turkish delights, and coffee after the prayer.
One of the organizers, Sami Kerim, estimated that more than 500 Muslims lived in Toronto at the time, mostly of Albanian, Serbian, Turkish or Pakistani origin. He said he hoped that this event would inspire Torontoâs Muslims to come together as a community, and âperhaps one day we shall have a mosque in Torontoâ. [4]
Two years later, in 1959, the Toronto Daily Star reported that some progress had been made toward that goal of establishing a mosque. As Muslims once again gathered to mark âÄȘd al-Fitr in the Kingsway Club, about 50 joined the prayer. They âprayed in unison for guidance in struggling against temptation and ignoranceâ.
After diligently reporting that their shoes âlined the walls during the serviceâ, the reporter also said that the Muslims were in the process of raising $30,000 to achieve their dream of having a mosque in the city. It would be the fourth mosque in Canada after those in Edmonton, Lac La Biche (Alberta) and London (Ontario). [5]
Fast forward to 1973. By then, Torontoâs newspapers had picked up on the significance of Ramadan itself, rather than just mentioning it in connection to âÄȘd al-Fitr. On Friday, September 28, the Toronto Star reported that during this month, âdevout Moslems are expected to read the Koranâthe bible of Islam, from cover to cover during the fastâ. [6]
By the time that article was printed, Torontoâs Muslim community had boomed to an estimated population of 25,000. They had succeeded in organizing themselves into the Muslim Society of Toronto (MST) under the leadership of Regip Assim and, in 1961, purchasing a leather shop on Dundas Street, turning it into the cityâs first mosque.
Solnaz Sahin, who lived in Hamilton, Ontario in the early 1960s, later described making the one-hour drive to Toronto every Sunday to be with the community. Ramadan was a particularly special occasion at this mosque. âWe cooked here [at home] and take it there [to the Islamic Centre],â she vividly recalled. âWe ate [iftar] together. It was nice.â [7]
In 1974, the Toronto Star continued to report on the place of shoes in Muslimsâ prayer services. âNearly 1,000 pairs of shoes will be âparkedâ outside a hall at the Holiday Inn, Yorkdale, tomorrow,â the article says. Ayube Ally, an imam and chairman of the Ontario Muslim Association at the time, was interviewed. He said that about 500 or so Torontoâs 30,000 Muslims were born in Canada. He also told the reporter that Muslims fast from dawn to sunset in Ramadan, and are not allowed to âindulge in gossip or frivolous partiesâ. [8]
Although there were five mosques and around 50,000 Muslims in Toronto by 1977, the observance of Ramadan continued to be very much in-the-home. On August 17, the Star reported on a gathering of about 30 Muslims at the Spadina Ave. apartment of Qadeer Baig, a professor of Islamic Studies at the University of Toronto. His daughter, Ghazalah, was 10 years old and had completed her very first Ramadan fast. Friends from the community had come together to celebrate this and enjoy an iftar together. [9]
âHere [in Canada] there is not the pressure to observe the fast â it is more a personal thing and we must rely on individual discipline,â said Baig. Because Torontoâs Muslims often lived quite a distance from the nearest mosque, they often broke the fast and prayed the nightly Ramadan prayers at home in small gatherings, though Baig said that on Fridays they tried to congregate in the mosques. The Star reported on one of these congregationsâon the Night of Power (Laylat al-Qadr)âon September 8, 1977. [10]
By 1979, with nearly 80,000 Muslims living in Toronto, Ramadan had started to become an event that received attention from beyond just the Muslim community. In that year, one of Torontoâs better-known Muslims, Sydney Zaidi, decided to bring an exhibition of 500 historical copies of the Qurâan from around the world to Toronto. The exhibition opened at the iconic Inn on the Park hotel overlooking Sunnybrook Park, with many political and religious leaders present. It was then on display for three days in Torontoâs Harbourfront. [11]
As the Muslim community in Toronto has continued to rapidly grow and diversify in the nearly 40 years since Zaidiâs exhibition, Ramadan in the city has come to be observed in many different ways, centredâas it always will beâaround the daytime fast and reviving our relationship with the Qurâan.
In the Qurâan we find a prayer (duâa) that reminds us to remember those who established these Islamic traditions in this land long before us:
âOur Lord, forgive us and our fellow believers who preceded us in faith, and do not allow [any] resentment towards those who have believed. Our Lord, indeed You are Kind and Most Merciful.â
(59:10)
References
[1] âHow Much Do You Know?â, Toronto Daily Star, October 20, 1927, p. 10.
[2] âBritish Have Biggest Submarine; Moslems End Fast of Ramadan,â Toronto Daily Star, April 20, 1927.
[3] âMoslems in Toronto Bow to Meccaâ, The Globe and Mail, May 3, 1957, p. 17.
[4]Â Ibid.
[5] âToronto Moslems Mark Feast of Ramadanâ, Toronto Daily Star, April 13, 1959.
[6] â30-day fast starts today for Muslimsâ, Toronto Star, September 28, 1973, A7.
[7] Aziza Hirsi and Katherine Bullock, âTorontoâs Forgotten First Mosqueâ, Islamic Horizons (November/December 2010), p. 49.
[8] âMuslims windup month-long fastâ, Toronto Star, October 16, 1974, B2.
[9] âFasts mark Moslem holy monthâ, Toronto Star, August 17, 1977, B2.
[10] âMoslems mark holiest dayâ, Toronto Star, September 8, 1977, Section B.
[11] Tom Harper, âYou can learn about Islam at exhibition of holy booksâ, Toronto Star, August 4, 1979, F7.
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